Lactoferrin

An iron-binding glycoprotein with antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and gut-protective properties.

What it is

Lactoferrin is a glycoprotein found in high concentrations in colostrum (first breast milk) and mucosal secretions. It binds and sequesters iron, depriving bacteria and potentially cancer cells of iron needed for growth. It is part of the innate immune system's first line of defence at mucosal surfaces.

Why it matters

Lactoferrin has direct antimicrobial and antiviral activity, modulates innate immune signalling, activates NK cells, and has been studied for anti-tumour effects (particularly via angiogenesis inhibition). During chemotherapy, it may help protect gut mucosa, prevent secondary infections, and support the microbiome.

The evidence

Clinical evidence for immune support, gut health, and iron regulation is well-established. Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) has shown anti-tumour and anti-metastatic activity in several studies. A clinical trial in Japan showed oral bLF improved natural killer cell activity in cancer patients. Iron sequestration is a well-characterised direct anti-cancer mechanism.

This information is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice. Always discuss supplement use with your care team, particularly if you are undergoing active cancer treatment.

Dosing

200–600mg bovine lactoferrin daily. Take on an empty stomach for best mucosal contact. Enteric-coated forms reduce stomach acid degradation. Divide across meals if using higher doses.

Cautions

Derived from bovine milk — avoid if dairy-allergic or severely lactose intolerant. Iron sequestration means it should be separated from iron supplements by at least 2 hours. Avoid in severe immunocompromised states without medical supervision.