Markers

The numbers that tell you what's actually happening.

Blood tests, wearable data, and physical measurements. What each one means, what you want to see, and how often to check it.

Immunological

mg/L

CRP (C-Reactive Protein)

The primary blood marker for systemic inflammation.

ng/mL

Procalcitonin (PCT)

A more specific marker for bacterial infection than CRP.

Wearable

ms (RMSSD)

HRV (Heart Rate Variability)

The best single readiness metric you can track daily.

Physical

Body Weight

Daily weight is noisy. Weekly trends are signal.

Waist Circumference

A better metabolic risk indicator than BMI alone.

mmHg

Blood Pressure

The silent vital sign. Easy to track, important to catch early.

Vitamins & Minerals

ng/mL

Serum 25(OH)D

The definitive test for vitamin D status.

pmol/L

Vitamin B12

Critical for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell production.

nmol/L

Folic Acid (Folate)

Essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell production.

µg/L

Ferritin

The body's iron storage protein — and a key inflammation signal.

µmol/L

Serum Iron

The circulating iron available for immediate use.

Metabolites

µmol/L

Homocysteine

An underappreciated marker for cardiovascular and inflammatory risk.

µmol/L

Total Bilirubin

A liver and haemolysis marker — elevated levels appear as jaundice.

µmol/L

Direct Bilirubin (Conjugated)

Elevated when the liver or bile ducts are the primary problem.

µmol/L

Indirect Bilirubin (Unconjugated)

Elevated when red blood cell breakdown is the primary driver.

Liver Enzymes

U/L

AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)

A liver enzyme that rises with cell damage — not specific to the liver.

U/L

ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase)

The most liver-specific enzyme marker — your primary hepatotoxicity signal.

U/L

GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase)

Sensitive to alcohol, bile duct issues, and oxidative stress.

U/L

ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase)

Elevated by liver or bone disease — context determines which.

U/L

LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase)

A non-specific but sensitive marker of tissue damage and tumour burden.

Blood Count

×10⁹/L

WBC (White Blood Cell Count)

Your immune system's total troop count.

×10⁹/L

Neutrophils (NEUT#)

Your first-line defenders against bacterial infection.

Neutrophils (NEUT%)

Neutrophils as a percentage of total white blood cells.

×10⁹/L

Lymphocytes (Lymph#)

Adaptive immune cells — critical for antitumour immunity.

Lymphocytes (Lymph%)

Lymphocytes as a fraction of total white cells — used in NLR calculation.

×10⁹/L

Monocytes (Mono#)

Immune cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunity.

Monocytes (Mono%)

Monocyte percentage of total white cells.

×10⁹/L

Eosinophils (EO#)

Immune cells involved in allergic reactions and parasite defence.

Eosinophils (EO%)

Eosinophil fraction of total white cells.

×10⁹/L

Basophils (BASO#)

The rarest normal white cell — rarely clinically significant in isolation.

Basophils (BASO%)

Basophil fraction of total white cells.

×10¹²/L

RBC (Red Blood Cell Count)

The total number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells.

g/dL

Haemoglobin (HGB)

The oxygen-carrying molecule — the most symptom-linked anaemia marker.

Haematocrit (HCT)

The proportion of blood volume occupied by red cells.

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

Red cell size — a clue to the cause of anaemia.

MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin)

Average haemoglobin content per red blood cell.

g/dL

MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration)

Haemoglobin concentration within red cells — flags haemolysis when high.

RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width)

Variation in red blood cell size — a marker of nutritional deficiency and stress.

×10⁹/L

Platelets (PLT)

Clotting cells — chemotherapy often drives these dangerously low.

MPV (Mean Platelet Volume)

Average platelet size — larger platelets are more active.

PDW (Platelet Distribution Width)

Variation in platelet size — elevated in activated platelet states.

ratio

NLR (Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio)

A powerful prognostic ratio in oncology — reflects systemic immune balance.

×10⁹/L

SII (Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index)

A composite inflammation-immunity index with strong oncology evidence.

Biochemistry

mmol/L

Fasting Glucose

The baseline for metabolic health and cancer-relevant glucose management.

g/L

Total Protein

A broad measure of nutritional status and liver protein synthesis.

g/L

Albumin

The most important single nutrition marker in oncology.

U/L

Creatine Kinase (CK)

Muscle damage marker — elevated after intense exercise or injury.

Oncology Markers

ng/mL

AFP (Alpha-Fetoprotein)

A marker for liver, testicular, and ovarian germ cell tumours.

ng/mL

CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen)

A broad tumour marker used mainly for colorectal cancer monitoring.

U/mL

CA 19-9

A tumour marker primarily used for pancreatic and biliary cancers.

Lipids

mmol/L

LDL Cholesterol

More nuanced than the headline number suggests.

mmol/L

HDL Cholesterol

The protective lipoprotein — higher is generally better.

mmol/L

VLDL Cholesterol

The triglyceride-carrying lipoprotein — a metabolic health signal.

mmol/L

Triglycerides

Dietary fat and sugar signal — highly responsive to lifestyle changes.

ratio

LDL/HDL Ratio

A more predictive cardiovascular risk indicator than LDL alone.

ratio

Atherogenic Index

The triglyceride-to-HDL ratio — a proxy for insulin resistance and small LDL.

Electrolytes & Renal

mmol/L

Urea (BUN)

A kidney and protein metabolism marker — rises with dehydration or high protein intake.

µmol/L

Creatinine

The primary marker of kidney filtration function.

mL/min/1.73m²

eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)

The most clinically useful summary of kidney function.

mmol/L

Sodium (Na⁺)

The main electrolyte governing fluid balance.

mmol/L

Potassium (K⁺)

Cardiac and muscle function depend on a narrow potassium window.

mmol/L

Chloride (Cl⁻)

The main anion in blood — tracks with sodium and hydration status.

mmol/L

Magnesium (Mg²⁺)

The underappreciated electrolyte — critical for hundreds of enzymatic reactions.

mmol/L

Calcium (Total)

Bone, nerve, and muscle mineral — disrupted by certain cancers and drugs.

mmol/L

Corrected Calcium

Calcium value adjusted for albumin level — more accurate in cancer patients.

mmol/L

Phosphorus (Inorganic Phosphate)

Bone mineral and ATP building block — moves inversely with calcium.

mOsm/kg

Serum Osmolality

A summary measure of blood concentration — reflects hydration status.

Coagulation

seconds / %

Prothrombin Time / Quick Test

Tests the extrinsic clotting pathway — a liver function proxy.

ratio

INR (International Normalised Ratio)

Standardised measure of clotting time — essential for anticoagulation monitoring.

g/L

Fibrinogen

The final clotting protein — also an acute-phase inflammatory marker.

seconds

aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time)

Tests the intrinsic clotting pathway — used for heparin monitoring.

Pancreatic

U/L

Amylase

The primary enzyme marker for pancreatic and salivary gland inflammation.

U/L

Lipase

More pancreas-specific than amylase — the preferred pancreatitis marker.

Thyroid

mIU/L

TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)

The master thyroid regulator — the first test to order for thyroid function.

pmol/L

Free T4 (Thyroxine)

The main thyroid hormone — measures the active circulating pool.

pmol/L

Free T3 (Triiodothyronine)

The active thyroid hormone — the metabolically potent form.